
Basics of Contract Drafting and Contract Review
Contract drafting and review are essential skills for legal professionals, business owners, and anyone involved in transactions requiring formal agreements....

Why Women are the Primary Focus of Workplace Se...
Sexual harassment is a pervasive issue in the workplace and can lead to serious consequences for the victim, such as...

Reservation system in India and its constitutio...
The reservation system in India has been a contentious issue since its inception. The system was introduced to address historical...

Judicial Custody VS Police Custody in India
In India, Judicial Custody and Police Custody are two different types of custody that a person may be subjected to...

Law Of Contract In India And The United States,...
The law of contract is an essential aspect of business transactions in both India and the United States. Despite having...

Supreme Court's Decision on the Enforceability ...
The internet has revolutionized the way people live, work, and interact with each other. It has also changed the way...

What is the meaning of the communication, accep...
Effective communication is essential to the formation of a legally binding contract. In order for a contract to be enforceable,...

The High Cost of Pursuing Legal Practice in Ind...
The All India Bar Examination (AIBE XVII) was held on February 5, 2023 and attracted a large number of aspiring...

Constitutional provisions for the protection of...
The Indian Constitution, enacted in 1950, recognizes the diverse cultural and social identities of the country and provides for the...

What is Interpretation Clause in a Contract?
An interpretation clause, also known as a construction clause, is a provision found in a contract that is used to...

The Indian Contract Act 1872 – a brief introduc...
The Indian Contract Act 1872 is a law that regulates the formation and performance of contracts in India. It applies...

What is a Legal agreement and significance of t...
A legal agreement is a document that outlines the terms and conditions of a relationship or transaction that is legally...

Indian Labour Laws for Private Sector Employees
Under Indian labor laws, private sector employees have a number of rights that are designed to protect their interests and...

Landmark Judgements related to Prevention Of Se...
The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal) Act, 2013, commonly known as the PoSH Act, is...

What is Agreement?
Agreement can refer to a number of different things depending on the context in which it is used. In general,...

Data Protection Bill, 2022 Overview and Criticism
The Data Protection Bill, 2022 of India is a piece of legislation that aims to protect the personal data of...

What is Feedback mechanism - An overview for Hu...
Feedback is an essential part of human resource management, as it allows organizations to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of...

What is Contract Negotiation
Contract negotiation is the process of discussing and agreeing on the terms of a contract between two or more parties....

Why Corporates Need PoSH Training in 2023
Sexual harassment is a pervasive problem in the workplace, with serious consequences for both individuals and organizations. It is important...

Internship Opportunity at the Office of the CJI
Chief Justice of India: The highest ranking member of the Indian judiciary is known as the Chief Justice of India...

Importance of Intellectual Property in Startups
To set up a new business is a tedious and a overwhelming process. On top of it protection of its...

What is the Need of a Contract?
A Contract is an agreement between the parties on a certain matter or issue which is legally enforceable by law....

Theory of Fair use in Copyright
Theory of fair use is a principle in the law of the United States that grants restricted utilization of copyrighted...

How to draft a Non-Disclosure Agreement(NDA)
We are familiar with the fact that trade secrets and confidential data do not have the necessary statutory protection in...

What is GST?
GST is the new legislation which enacted by the Government in order control over the taxing system in India. The...

What is PoSH Train The Trainer (T-T-T) Programme
Training the trainer, or PoSH (Prevention of Sexual Harassment) train the trainer, is a critical component of creating a safe...

New Labour Laws In India
India’s labour laws have been under discussion over the past few years. The pandemic has also produced a plethora of...

Why PoSH training must be a mandatory excercise...
The brutal murder of the 19-year-old woman who worked as receptionist at a resort in Rishikesh has shaken the collective...

Jurisdiction Meaning, Types and importance
The hierarchy of judiciary may confuse common man and may lead to conflict as to the type of court where...

Deficiency under Consumer Protection Act, 2019
Consumer Protection Act, 1986 is a legislation which protects the consumers from being exploited. From the expression ‘seller is king’...

Salary and benefits
Salary and benefits are two most commonly used and heard concepts when it comes to employment. But do these terms...

Stamp duty and its importance
Whenever one buys a property or sells it, just the physical handling or transfer of possession is not sufficient. It...

The rise of online learning
We are living in a world which is changing so rapidly that those skills which were considered essential few years...

Detention institution
We all might have heard from newspapers or other articles about detention, custody, prison and similar terms and must have...

Difference between Transfer and Assignment
A single word may have more than one meanings. One might wonder how complex language is and how confusing words...

Protecting identity under the POSH Act, 2013
Recently, the POSH Act came into limelight once again when Abha Singh, a lawyer, filed a plea in the Supreme...

10 Landmark Judgement nn Deficiency of Service ...
The Consumer Protection Act of 2019, which comprehensively revised the existing laws was signed into law on August 9, 2019....

Difference between courts, special courts and t...
Millions of people across the world knock the doors of justice every year in the hope that the unlawful act...

What is Writ Jurisdiction of The Court?
Introduction: As per common law, the formal written order issued by a body with administrative or judicial jurisdiction is called...

Right to be forgotten and right to privacy
Right to privacy is an integral part of human life and has got constitutional recognition under Article 21 of the...

Suo moto cognizance by judiciary
Suo moto cognizance means the power of the court to take up cases on its own. Article 32 and Article...

Fathima Beevi India’s First Woman Judge in the ...
Recently, Indian Judiciary elevated 3 women judges were elevated to the Supreme Court of India. Justice Fathima Beevi climbed the...

Step by step guide to bail application
Whenever a person is arrested, the next step is to get a bail. One might have come across several news...

Bombay High Court lays down new guidelines for ...
Section 23 (2) of Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (hereinafter referred as POSCO Act) condemns the disclosure...

Laws against Mental Cruelty in India
We all might be familiar with the #Metoo movement which revealed several incidents of mental abuse or sexual harassment since...

Recent Amendments in Arbitration and Conciliati...
With the main objective of making India a hub for national and international arbitration and to enable faster resolution of...

Witness Protection in India
Witness protection is of utmost importance as that of a victim as without witnesses the justice delivery system is likely...

Exceptions under Right to Information Act, 2005
Right to information sought has certain exceptions such as public interest, friendly relations with state and also personal information which...

Kerala High Court legalizes online rummy
Recently Kerala High Court legalized online rummy which was banned by the Kerala Gaming Act, 1960. Though rummy was excluded...

Marital Rape in India
Marital rape is a non- criminalized crime yet a heinous offence over- looked by the legislators as an exemption. Marriage...

Bail provisions under NDPS Act
The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 is one such legislation which regulates and prohibits the consumption, sale, use...

Essential elements of free consent in view of c...
Introduction: Consent that is freely given is referred to as free consent. According to Section 14 of the Indian Contract...

Right to Privacy as a Fundamental Right
Introduction The Oxford dictionary defines privacy as “a state in which one is not observed or disturbed by other people”...

Personal information sought under RTI Act
Right to privacy and Right to information are the two important sides of a democratic set- up yet they are...

Advocates Protection Bill, 2021
In the light of the rising number of violence’s and atrocities against lawyers or their family members, the bill is...

Biography of Justice N. V Ramana
Justice N. V Ramana was sworned the 48th Chief Justice of India and his journey from a student leader to...

Reporting and Public Disclosure of matters unde...
- by Anu Sharma Bombay High Court lays down new guidelines for media reporting and public disclosure of matters under...

Application of Income versus Diversion of Income
The Income Tax Act, 1961 deals essentially with the imposing of taxes, exemptions and procedure to be followed therewith. The...

Foreclosure under Transfer of Property Act, 1882
While there are several ways to secure a loan one must be really careful before taking a loan. There are...

Gift under Transfer of Property Act, 1882: Esse...
We all might have received or given gifts on several occasions, it’s a gesture of how much we care about...

Online Legal Courses
ONLINE LEGAL COURSES ARE HELPFUL In the modern era, we are very keen to the technologies. The technologies were slowly...

Case analysis - Zee Entertainment Enterprises v...
By Sameera Arif Bench: B.P. Colabawalla The controversy in this suit had risen out of the production of the movie...

Class action in Consumer Act
‘Consumer’ is a class or group of people who buys any kind of goods or physical products for consumption and...

What are Quasi-Contracts?
The term 'quasi' means 'pseudo.' As a result, a Quasi-contract may also be a pseudo-contract. A substantial contract is often...

Safeguards against arbitrary arrest and detention
According to procedure established by law, no person can be deprived of his life or personal liberty. Article 21 of...

Culpable Homicide (Section 299 and 300)
Homicide is derived from the Latin words’ homo, which means man, and cedere, which means to cut or kill. Culpable...

PRINCIPLE OF DAMNUM SINE INJURIA AND INJURIA SI...
Maxim refers to well-known principles and prepositions. That is the general set of rules, principles, or guidelines that must be...

Work from home and prevention of sexual harassment
- by Anu Sharma The covid-19 induced pandemic has lead to a paradigm shift in the way we work. Work...

Power of Judicial Magistrate
Introduction The judiciary is a constitutional body that safeguards citizens' rights. This is the ultimate authority when it comes to...

Doctrine of Lis Pendens
The doctrine of lis pendens is recognized in India under Section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882. This...

103rd Amendment Act, 2019
The recent constitutional amendment Act, 2019 amends Articles 15 and 16 and pays way for reservation of economically backward classes....

Regulation of OTT platforms in India
It was only recently that Over The Top platforms (OTT) became a major source of entertainment for the people and...

Force Majeure and Frustration of Contracts
As the world-wide pandemic continues, every single activity of our day to day life is severely disrupted however with the...

Euthanasia: Right to die under Article 21 of In...
The right to die and its legality is a concept that is much debated around the world even today. There...

Wages under the Minimum Wages Act, 1948
The Minimum Wages Act, 1948 is one of the comprehensive Central legislation which provides for the fixation and periodical revision...

10 Major Labor Laws in India
-Nathalia M Fenwick In the words of Abraham Lincoln, “Labor is prior to, and independent of, capital. Capital is only...

Corporate Veil in Company Law
It is a known fact that a Company is a ‘separate legal entity’, which is distinct from its shareholders and...

Landmark judgments on Copyright
-by Nathalia M Fenwick In India law relating to copyright is governed by the Copyright Act, 1957. Copyright is generally...

Importance of Human Resource Management in an O...
Description- HRM is the brains of an organization which helps to procure, maintain and develop the human resources of the...

RULE OF HARMONIOUS CONSTRUCTION
INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES “No law or ordinance is mightier than understanding.” – Plato The art of discovering the true meaning...

Analysis of Honor Killing with reference to Sha...
by Nathalia M Fenwick Even after 74 years of India gaining independence, can we really say that all the citizens...

Bar to seek ‘personal’ information under RTI Ac...
by Nathalia M Fenwick Right to privacy and Right to information are the two important sides of a democratic set-...

RES JUDICATA – CONCEPT AND IMPLICATIONS
RES JUDICATA – MEANING AND ORIGIN Res means “subject matter,” and judicata means “adjudged” or “decided,” so the phrase means...

PROMISORY ESTOPPEL IN CONTRACT LAW
CONSIDERATION The word ‘contract’ is described as an agreement enforceable by law in section 2 of the Indian Contract Act,...

Principle of Vicarious Liability
by Vaishnavi Adapala WHAT IS VICARIOUS LIABILITY? The term “vicarious liability” is made up of two words: “vicarious” and “liability.”...

Concept of State - Article 12
by Sajal Awasthi Introduction Part III of the Indian Constitution talks about Fundamental Rights which are mentioned from Article 14...

Public Interest Litigation
By: Kiran Sona Puthan Introduction Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a method or technique that tends to focus on the...

Difference between judge and magistrate
INTRODUCTION In the judiciary, magistrates and judges seem to be the same, but this is not the case. There are...

Concept of Locus Standi
Introduction In the past, litigation in India was an expensive affair. Wealthy people were the only ones who took legal...

Impact of abolition of Film Certification Appel...
By Kiran Sona Puthan Introduction The government abolished the Film Certificate Appellate Tribunal (FCAT) earlier this week by ordinance. The...

Contingent Contract
Introduction A contract comes into existence when one party has made an offer that another party has accepted. Acceptance is...

Remedies for breach of Contract
What is a Contract? The Indian Contract Act of 1872, Section 2(h), clearly describes a contract as: An agreement which...

Essential elements of Free Consent in view of C...
By Kiran Sona Puthan Introduction Consent that is freely given is referred to as free consent. According to Section 14...

Distinction between void contract and illegal c...
Differences between void and illegal contracts No parties to an unlawful contract can seek any remedy from the courts of...

Defamation under torts
Defamation under Torts It is rightly pointed out in the ‘Bhagwat Gita’ that “for a man of honour, defamation is...

Malicious Prosecution
#What is Malicious Prosecution? The malicious prosecution can be defined as an institution of unsuccessful criminal, bankruptcy and liquidation proceedings...

Judicial activism – A complete reference
#Introduction To Judicial activism As per the Constitution of India, the State plays a primary role in ensuring justice, liberty,...

Crash course on anticipatory bill
Usually people misinterpret the word anticipatory bail with the Normal bail provisions as they mostly focus on word bail only....

Brief overview about Relevancy and Admissibilit...
#A brief overview about Relevancy and Admissibility of facts RELEVANCY ADMISSIBILITY Relevancy as the term expresses, it is the facts...

Joinder, Mis-joinder and non-joinder
A civil suit is where a party files a plaint in the court of law for claiming rights or to...

Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897
###INTRODUCTION Under this Article, we will study about the Colonial-era “Epidemic Diseases act” which is been invoked by the centre...

Difference Between Lockdown, Curfew And Section...
Due to the outbreak of the coronavirus all over the world several countries have issued lockdown in their various states...

Hierarchy Of Civil And Criminal Court
There are students who often are not able to differentiate between the Civil and Criminal court. But today through this...

Rejection of Plaint
###Order VII rule 11(e) rejection of plaint We assume everyone is aware about what is plaint. Plaint is a document...

What is Ex-parte Order or Decree?
Ex-parte decree or order means that the court has adjudicated the matter even though one of the parties to the...

Judgement, Decree and Order - Complete Referenc...
The decision given by the court of law are either decrees or orders, Whereas the decrees always follows the judgment...

What are John Doe orders in Copyright | ILMS Ac...
WHAT IS JOHN DOE? While filing any suit, it is imperative to provide name and address of the defendant so...

Geographical Indication and How to protect it
India is a land of wealth gifted with natural resources having high economic and commercial value. Rural regions possess exceptional...

Whar are New Age Digital Properties
New Age Digital Properties Digital products, services and concepts have revolutionized the world. But what actually is a digital property?...

Right To Information - Complete Reference | ILMS
It goes without saying that better informed citizens improve functionality of the Government and helps in propagating transparency and make...

What is the definition of a State ?
WHAT IS A STATE? In broad terms, a political organization of society is known as State. It is a form...

Legal Assistants at Gujarat High Court (15 Vaca...
For official dsdsds notification -> https://hc-ojas.guj.nic.in/AdvtList.aspx?type=curr The High Court of Gujarat invites Online Applications from the Candidates with a Degree...